![]() While the army lacked technical means of tracking the guerrilla groups, the FSB suffered from insufficient human intelligence due to its inability to build networks of agents and informants. Role in the Second Chechen War Īfter the main military offensive of the Second Chechen War ended and the separatists changed tactics to guerilla warfare, overall command of the federal forces in Chechnya was transferred from the military to the FSB in January 2001. Putin appointed Nikolai Patrushev as the head of FSB in 1999. Putin was reluctant to take over the directorship, but once appointed conducted a thorough reorganization, which included the dismissal of most of the FSB's top personnel. In 1998, Yeltsin appointed Vladimir Putin, a KGB veteran who would later succeed Yeltsin as federal president, as director of the FSB. Yeltsin appointed Colonel-General Mikhail Ivanovich Barsukov as the new director of the FSB. The number of deputy directors was increased to eight: two first deputies, five deputies responsible for departments and directorates and one deputy director heading the Moscow City and Moscow regional directorate. The decree made the tasks of the FSB more specific, giving the FSB substantial rights to conduct cryptographic work, and described the powers of the FSB director. 633, signed by Boris Yeltsin on 23 June 1995. The FSB reforms were rounded out by decree No. In 1995, the FSK was renamed and reorganized into the Federal Security Service (FSB) by the Federal Law "On the Federal Security Service" (the title of the law as amended in June 2003 ) signed by the president on 3 April 1995. Creation of the FSB Future President of Russia and former KGB officer Vladimir Putin served as the FSB's director from 1998 to 1999 Before the start of the First Chechen War's main military activities, the FSK was responsible for the covert operations against the separatists led by Dzhokhar Dudayev. Following the 1993 constitutional crisis, the Ministry of Security was reorganized on 21 December 1993 into the Federal Counter-Intelligence Service (FSK). In January 1992, another new institution, the Ministry of Security, took over domestic and border security responsibilities. In December 1991, two government agencies answerable to the Russian president were created by President Yeltsin's decrees on the basis of the relevant main directorates of the defunct KGB: Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia) (SVR, the former First Main Directorate) and the Federal Agency of Government Communications and Information (FAPSI, merging the functions of the former 8th Main Directorate and 16th Main Directorate of the KGB). Following the attempted coup of 1991-in which some KGB units as well as the KGB head Vladimir Kryuchkov played a major part-the KGB was dismantled and ceased to exist from November 1991. The Federal Security Service is one of the successor organizations of the Soviet Committee of State Security ( KGB). ![]() The SVR had in 1992 signed an agreement not to spy on those countries the FSB had made no such commitment. In 2003, the FSB's responsibilities were expanded by incorporating the Border Guard Service and a major part of the Federal Agency of Government Communication and Information (FAPSI) this would include intelligence activities in countries that were once members of the Soviet Union, work formerly done by the KGB's Fifth Service. The director of the FSB is appointed by and directly answerable to the president of Russia. ![]() It is headquartered in Lubyanka Square, Moscow's center, in the main building of the former KGB. The primary responsibilities are within the country and include counter-intelligence, internal and border security, counter-terrorism, surveillance and investigating some other types of serious crimes and federal law violations. The three major structural successor components of the former KGB that remain administratively independent of the FSB are the Foreign Intelligence Service (SVR), the Federal Protective Service (FSO), and the Main Directorate of Special Programs of the President of the Russian Federation (GUSP). Federal'naya sluzhba bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii, IPA: ФСБ России) is the principal security agency of Russia and the main successor agency to the Soviet Union's KGB its immediate predecessor was the Federal Counterintelligence Service (FSK) which was reorganized into the FSB in 1995. ![]()
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